A 68-year old woman with advanced endometrial cancer and evidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was referred to endoscopy unit
Classifications
Classifiactions & Enitites
The “black” esophagus
Follow-up intervals after polypectomy
Follow-up intervals after polypectomy Colonoscopy is the most reliable procedure for detecting colorectal carcinomas and polyps. The aim of colonoscopy must be to achieve a
Esophageal duplication cysts (EDCs)
Here we present a case of a patient qualified for endosonographic evaluation of unspecific esophageal submucosal lesion (SEL). The lesion was detected during routine upper
Sydney classification- assessment of deep mural injury after endoscopic mucosal resection.
Classification presented by Burgess NG et al. based on retrospective evaluation, clinical observations and image analysis. It allows for the assessment of deep mural injury
The CAES classification of anastomotic insufficiency in the esophagus
The Surgical Working Group on Endoscopy and Ultrasound (Chirurgische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Endoskopie und Sonographie, CAES) has developed and validated a classification of anastomotic insufficiency in
Endosonographic Criteria Chronic Pancreatitis
This article provides an overview of the scoring systems commonly used for diagnosing chronic pancreatitis by means of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), and for classifying the
Intestinal Kaposi sarcoma
A 38-year-old man in a clearly impaired general state of health presented for clarification of Hb-relevant gastrointestinal bleeding with melena and transfusion-refractory thrombopenia.
Barrett’s carcinoma at the Z-line
Konsiliarische Vorstellung eines 47-Jährigen, multimorbiden Patienten bei dem in einem externen Krankenhaus zuvor mittels EMR ein Barrettfrühkarzinom abgetragen wurde. Trotz der basalen R1 Situation und
Invasive amebiasis in the colon
Invasive amebiasis in the colon, with ulcerations in the right colon.
Stomach: Light Blue Crest Sign for Intestinal Metaplasia
Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia is a risk factor of intestinal-type gastric cancer, but WLI was not adequate to detect IM of stomach. NBI system with and
Tokyo Classification Cholangitis (Guidelines)
Acute cholangitis results from disturbed biliary drainage and bacterial infection. The mortality rates due to acute cholangitis reported in the literature over the last 20
Forrest Classification
The Forrest Classification was first described in 1974 by J.A. Forrest et al. in The Lancet. This classification is a widely used classification of ulcer-related
IMPN: Fukuoka Classification (Guidelines)
Increasing numbers of cystic tumors in the pancreas are being diagnosed. It is often difficult to precisely assign these highly varied tumors to a specific
BING Classification Early Barrett Neoplasia
Multimodal therapy for early Barrett’s neoplasias, has become established as the standard therapy and is set out in national and international guidelines. These dysplastic lesions
Achalasia: Chicago Classification
Achalasia is one of the differential diagnoses in patients with symptoms of dysphagia. High-resolution (HR) manometry is now regarded as the diagnostic gold standard for
WASP classification – optical diagnosis of polyps <10mm
Recently sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) have been recognized as another important precursor lesion to CRC. SSLs are thought be responsible for 15–30% of colorectal cancer.
Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Endoscopic Scores
Chronic inflammatorey bowel disease (IBD) with ist two forms Crohns Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) can be classified by various endoscopic scores with regards
Polyp Classification: BASIC
Basic (BLI Adenoma Serrated International Classification) Classification for colorectal polyp characterization with blue light imaging
Paris Classification: Early Barrett Cancers
In the following, examples for superficial/early Barrett lesions of the esophagus are shown. Here, flat and sessilelesions are predominant, pedunculated tumors are rare. Sessile tumor
Esophagastric Junction Cancers (AEG)
Tumors of the esophagogastric junction should be classified not only according to the TNM system with regards to tumor penetration (T stage), presence of lymph
Paris Classification: Early Colorectal Cancers
The Paris classification for superficial / early tumors should be part of a standard terminology for endoscopic assessment. This classification applies to the entire gastrointestinal
Paris Classification Early Cancer
Endoscopic treatment for early carcinoma in the gastrointestinal tract has in the meantime become evidence-based and has been incorporated into national and international guidelines
Paris Classification: Early Squamous Cell Cancers Esophagus
Examples of superficial/early squamous cell lesions in the esophagus are presented below. In the esophagus, flat lesions are predominant in the early tumors, and polypoid
Paris Classification: Early Gastric Cancer
Examples of superficial/early gastric tumors are shown below. In the stomach, flat lesions are predominant, often as combined lesions with a central depression (IIa+c). Sessile
Endoscopic diagnosis of celiac disease
Celiac disease is a chronic inflammation trigged by the ingestion of gluten and resulting in a dense infiltration of lymphocytes in the proximal small intestine.
Neuroendocrine Gastric Tumors
Among the gastric submucosal tumors, neuroendocrine tumors are a special entity, which also require examination of independent gastric mucosal biopsies for classification.
Heterotopic gastric mucosa
Heterotope Magenschleimhaut des Ösophagus (heterotopic gastric mucosa, gastric inlet patch) entspricht funktionellem Magengewebe, das sich nicht an der anatomisch üblichen Lokalisation befindet. Sie ist in
When the Z-line is not completely normal
Depending on the patient’s degree of sedation and the examiner’s level of experience, carrying out a precise examination of the Z-line may not be very
Prague Classification Barrett Esophagus
The Prague classification was presented by an international research group in 2006 (1) and has since been regarded as the standard for measuring the length
Reflux Esophagitis: Los Angeles Classification
Gastroesophageal reflux disease with endoscopically identifiable lesions (erosions, stricture, Barrett’s esophagus) is defined as erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Fewer than 50% of patients with
Polyp Classification: NICE
The NICE (NBI International Colorectal Endoscopic) Classification is based on narrow-band images of colon polyps. The classification uses staining, vascular patterns, and surface patterns to
Esophageal Varices
Various systems are available for classifying esophageal varices. Unfortunately, they only overlap or coincide partly. The official terminology used by the German Society for Digestive
Eosinophilic Esophagitis
A classification for eosinophilic esophagitis has not yet been included in the usual terminologies in the German-speaking countries. In the official terminology of the German
Polyp Classification: WASP (incl. SSA)
The following gallery of images is intended to present the newly evaluated characteristics in the WASP classification, but it also illustrates the problems that still
Rectal NET Tumors
Unclear smaller polyps in the rectum may represent a pitfall — if they do not look like perfectly typical hyperplasia or small adenomas, then carcinoids
How can I identify sessile serrated adenomas?
Flat polyps are difficult to identify and may be easily overlooked, particularly in the right colon, where there is sometimes limited bowel cleansing. If a
Fundic Varices
In contrast to esophageal varices, there is only one classification system for fundic varices, developed by Sarin et al.